Saturday, July 4, 2009

Breast cancer

Breast cancer is a cancer on the breast.
This is the most common type of cancer suffered by women.
Men can also fell ill breast cancer, although the probability is smaller than 1 in 1000 among.
The most common treatment is with surgery and, if necessary followed by chemotherapy and radiation.

Definition
Cancer is a condition in which cells have lost normal control mechanisms and,
so that the growth that is not normal, fast and does not restrained.
(http://www.mediasehat.com/utama07.php)

Breast cancer (Carcinoma mammae) is a malignant disease neoplasma that comes from the parenchyma.
This disease by Word Health Organization (WHO) to include in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) with the code number 17
(http://www.tempo.co.id/medika/arsip/082002/pus-3.htm)

Patofisiologi
Transformation Tues-formed cancer cells from normal cells in a complex process called transformation,
consisting of the initiation and promotion.
At the initiation of a change occurs in the genetic material of cells into malignant cells fishing.
Changes in the genetic material in cells is caused by an agent called karsinogen, which can include chemicals, viruses, radiation (irradiation) or the sun.
But not all cells have the same sensitivity to a karsinogen.
Genetic aberration in cells or other material which is called promoter, causing the cells more vulnerable to a karsinogen.
Even menahunpun physical interference can make the cells become more sensitive to having a malignancy.
in the promotion phase, a cell that has experienced akan initiation becomes violent.
Cells that have not been through a stage of initiation will not be affected by the campaign.
Therefore, several factors required for the occurrence of violence (a combination of the sensitive cells and a karsinogen).

Stadium
Stadium cancer is a disease state results from the assessment when the doctor diagnose a disease that affects cancer patients,
Which level is far in the spread of cancer to either organ or tissue surrounding the distribution and ketempat far.
Stadium only known malignant tumor or the cancer and not in the benign tumor.

To determine a stadium, clinical examination should be conducted and supported with the other supplementary examination
histopatologi or PA, rays, USG, and, if possible with a CT Scan, etc. scintigrafi.
Many ways to determine the stadium, but the most widely adopted at this time is the stadium of cancer
based on the TNM classification system recommended by the UICC (International Union Against Cancer from the WHO or
World Health Organization / AJCC (American Joint Committee on cancer sponsored by the American Cancer Society and American College of Surgeons).

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